Here's a list of some random, useful commands and tools to use in the Command Line.
Shut Down right now.
shutdown -h now
See the status of a service.
service nginx status
See the status of all services.
service --status-all
Restart a service.
service nginx restart
Get only the HTTP status code of a site
curl -o /dev/null -w '%{http_code}\n' -s -I URL
What's my IP?
curl -4 icanhazip.com
What's my IP, Another method
ip addr show eth0 | grep inet | awk '{ print $2; }' | sed 's/\/.*$//'
What is the current git repo remote URL?
git config --get remote.origin.url
Pretty Git Log
git log --date-order --all --graph --format="%C(green)%h%Creset %C(yellow)%an%Creset %C(blue bold)%ar%Creset %C(red bold)%d%Creset%s"
Git untrack a file
git update-index --assume-unchanged path/to/file
Linux: Update, Upgrade, Autoremove & AutoClean in one line
sudo sh -c "apt-get -y update;apt-get -y dist-upgrade;apt-get -y autoremove;apt-get -y autoclean"
List open files
lsof
List all open ports
sudo lsof -iTCP -sTCP:LISTEN -n -P
List all network ports
netstat -a
Show stats for all network ports
netstat -s
Display directory sizes from current directory
sudo du -h --max-depth=1 -x
Where is php.ini and which is loaded?
php -i | grep "php.ini"
How much free memory is there? -b, -k, -m, -g outputs in KB/MB/GB. -h is human readable, the one i use most often to be honest.
free free -b free -h
Better ls. Highly recommend using exa otherwise.
ls -lhaG
SQL dump (export MySQL database)
mysqldump -u root -p database_to_backup > backup_name.sql
Upload/Import MySQL from file
mysql -u username -p database_name < file.sql
NPM: What's installed globally?
npm list -g --depth 0
What mail records are open?
nslookup -q=mx DOMAIN.com
Query nameserver
nslookup -type=ns DOMAIN.com
Query complete DNS record
nslookup -type=any DOMAIN.com
Spin Up a localhost server via Python
python -m SimpleHTTPServer 9999
Spin Up a localhost server via PHP
php -S localhost:9999
Upload a file from the remote server to local machine
scp your_username@remotehost.com:foobar.txt /some/local/directory
Upload a file to the remote server
scp /file/to/send username@remote:/where/to/put
Scrape a Site quickly with wget
wget -mkEpnp http://DOMAIN.com
Show empty files
print -l **/*(L0)
How long has the machine been running?
uptime
Let's see what processes are running. Recommend htop as replacement to top.
top
Find all files by Type from the current directory.
find -name *.php
Look inside files, recursively, for a string.
grep -r "127.0.0.1" /etc/nginx/sites-available/
What processes are running? ps -A | grep -i ssh filters ps by process name.
ps -A ps -A | grep -i ssh
Kill process. First one we get the process ID then pass that ID to the kill command. Second is simpler, uses pkill.
grep -i nginx kill -9 1285
or
pkill nginx
Kill all by process. Second one kills and restarts a PHP server.
killall php killall php && php -S localhost:8888
You can repeat commands previous typed obviously by hitting the up arrow on the keyboard. Typing history will list out all commands recently typed. If you want to repeat a longer command without retyping it, just follow up with ! before the history number.
history !25
Remove duplicate lines using awk.
awk '!($0 in array) { array[$0]; print }' temp
Go to the 100th line in a file using vim.
vim +100 /etc/nginx/sites-available/default
Go to the 100th line in a file using vim.
vim +/SEARCHTERM filename.html
Copy all jpg images to hard-drive
ls *.jpg | xargs -n1 -i cp {} ~/Desktop
Remove a file, but get prompted to confirm before doing so.
rm -i filename.txt
whatis command in Linux is used to get a one-line manual page descriptions.
whatis nginx
Hope this serves as a good reference; Enjoy!